The lightest structural metal. 30% lighter than aluminum.
Magnesium delivers weight reduction impossible with aluminum. 1.81 g/cc density, good specific strength, excellent machinability, EMI shielding. The trade-off: flammable chips require safety precautions, and corrosion resistance is poor without coating.
At a glance
- Density
- 1.81 g/cc
- Yield strength
- 160 MPa
- Tensile strength
- 240 MPa
- Elongation
- 3 %
- Hardness
- 75 HB
- Melting range
- 470–595 °C
- Thermal cond.
- 51 W/m·K
- Damping
- High (10× Al)
Key data
- Density
- 1.81 g/cc
- Yield strength
- 160 MPa
- Tensile strength
- 240 MPa
- Elongation
- 3 %
- Hardness
- 75 HB
- Melting range
- 470–595 °C
- Thermal cond.
- 51 W/m·K
- Damping
- High (10× Al)
Magnesium alloys.
AZ31
Wrought magnesium alloy. Available as sheet, plate, extrusion. Improved formability and ductility vs cast grades. Used for consumer electronics enclosures.
AZ91D
Most common magnesium die casting alloy. High strength, good castability. Die-cast automotive, consumer electronics, power tool housings.
AM60
Higher aluminum content improves impact resistance vs AZ91. Automotive safety-related components, steering wheel armatures.
AM50
Further reduced aluminum for maximum ductility. Safety-critical automotive components requiring energy absorption.
ZK60
Zirconium-alloyed wrought magnesium. Highest strength wrought grade. Aerospace structural, racing applications.
WE43
Yttrium and rare-earth alloyed. Excellent elevated-temperature properties to 250 °C. Aerospace hot section, helicopter gearboxes.
Three main alloy families. AZ series (Al-Zn) for general casting and structural. AM series (Al-Mn) for improved ductility. ZK series (Zn-Zr) for wrought applications.
Why choose magnesium.
Extreme weight savings
1.81 g/cc density — 33% lighter than aluminum (2.70). For weight-critical aerospace and automotive where every gram matters.
EMI shielding
Excellent EMI/RFI shielding in natural state. Used for consumer electronics housings where both weight and shielding matter.
Vibration damping
10× the damping capacity of aluminum. Housings for precision instruments and power tools where vibration matters.
Thin-wall casting
AZ91D die casts to 0.5–1 mm wall thickness. Thinnest achievable walls of any common structural metal.
Magnesium earns its place in three specific scenarios. Below these, aluminum is usually the better choice due to magnesium's handling complications.
Magnesium applications.
Aerospace brackets
ZK60 and WE43 for weight-optimized aerospace structural hardware
Consumer electronics
AZ91D laptop bodies, camera frames — weight + EMI shielding
Automotive
AM50/AM60 steering column hardware, seat structures, IP beam
Power tool housings
Die-cast magnesium drill and saw bodies — weight reduction
Drone components
ZK60 motor mounts, landing gear — ultralight airframe
Optical & camera
Magnesium bodies for DSLR, mirrorless cameras — durability + weight
Sporting goods
Mg bicycle components, racquet frames — vibration damping
Medical imaging
MRI-compatible hardware — non-magnetic, lightweight
Helicopter gearboxes
WE43 high-temp magnesium in helicopter transmission housings
Magnesium finishes.
As-machined
Dull grey finish. Develops oxide film in hours. Functional but not cosmetic.
Chrome conversion
Yellow/green chem conversion coating for corrosion protection. Paint primer.
Anodized
Type II anodize (short "Dow 17" process). Improves corrosion resistance. Limited color range.
Painted
Wet or powder coat required for outdoor service — bare Mg corrodes rapidly.
Powder coated
RAL colors available. Standard for automotive and consumer product cosmetic applications.
Chemical passivation
Mild acid passivation removes oxide, stabilizes surface before painting.
Electroless nickel
Ni plating for wear and corrosion — common on magnesium automotive components.
Plasma electrolytic oxide
Advanced PEO coating for extreme corrosion protection and wear resistance.
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The lightest structural metal — questions
Is magnesium dangerous to machine?
Magnesium chips are flammable and burn at very high temperature (1,100 °C). Fine dust is explosive when airborne. Safety precautions are mandatory: dedicated machining area isolated from aluminum/steel chips, wet-collection of chips (keep submerged in oil or water), Class D fire extinguishers nearby, no water-based coolant (water intensifies magnesium fire). Our magnesium machining is done on dedicated equipment with proper safety protocols. Finished parts are perfectly safe.
Is magnesium suitable for outdoor use?
Bare magnesium corrodes very rapidly — within days in humid environments, worse in salt spray. For outdoor service, magnesium must be coated: chromate conversion + paint, powder coat, or anodize + paint. Even with coating, lifetime is shorter than aluminum. For marine or severe outdoor, aluminum or stainless is usually the better choice.
Magnesium vs aluminum — when is each right?
Choose magnesium when: weight is the dominant driver (aerospace, drones, racing), EMI shielding matters (consumer electronics), or vibration damping matters (precision instruments). Choose aluminum when: corrosion environment, cost matters, weldability needed, or production volumes are high enough that machining safety overhead impacts economics. For most parts, aluminum is easier and cheaper.
What tolerances can magnesium hold?
Machinability is excellent — faster than aluminum, comparable to brass. Tolerances match aluminum: ±0.05 mm standard, ±0.01 mm precision. Surface finish Ra 0.8 µm single-pass. The machining is easy; the hazards require attention.
Is magnesium biocompatible?
Magnesium is actually a biocompatible metal — it's present in the body. Used in dissolvable orthopedic implants that gradually absorb into bone tissue. However, medical magnesium implants require specialized grades (WE43 MEO, AZ31B Mg) and heat treatments not part of our standard offering. For research biodegradable implants, we can source these through specialized medical material distributors.
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